Other Sources

<Jurisdiction>, Parliamentary Debates, <Chamber>, <Full date of debate>, <Pinpoint reference> (Full name of speaker).

The position of the speaker within the ministry or shadow ministry should also be included where applicable.

UK, Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, 18 March 2003, vol 401, column 760 (Tony Blair, Prime Minister).

<Jurisdiction>, <Title>, Parl Paper No <no> (<Year>) <Pinpoint reference>.

<Committee>, <Chamber>, <Legislature>, <Title> (<Year>) <Pinpoint reference>.

The Chamber can include, for example:

• the House of Representatives;
• the Senate;
• the Legislative Assembly;
• the Legislative Council, etc.

Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade, Senate, Parliament of Australia, Perestroika: Implications for Australia–USSR Relations (1990).

<Author>, Submission No <no>, Submissions to <Title> (<Year>) vol <no>, <Pinpoint reference>.

Evidence in hearings should be cited using the following format:

<Name of Committee>, <Name of Inquiry and Hearing>, <Full date>, <Pinpoint reference> (<Name of Witness>, <Position>).

Commonwealth Joint Standing Committee on Treaties, Public Hearing on the MAI, 12 June 1998, 6 (Janine Murphy, Assistant Secretary, Foreign Investment Review Branch, Treasury).

<Jurisdiction>, <Name of royal commission>, <Title> (<Year>) <Pinpoint reference>.

Constitution of <Country> (<Year>).

NOTE: Where a Constitution has a specific and generally accepted name, this may be used instead.

<Jurisdiction>, <Name of law reform commission>, <Title>, Report/Discussion Paper No <no> (<Year>) <Pinpoint reference>.

NOTE: The URL should be included if it would be useful for retrieving the document:

<Author>, <Position>, ‘<Title>’ (Ministerial Statement, <Full date>) [<Paragraph pinpoint>] <<URL>> at <Full date>.

<Author(s)>, ‘<Title>’, <Newspaper> (<City and Country of publication>) <Full date>, <Pinpoint reference>.

NOTE: The city and country in which the newspaper was published must always be included, each time the newspaper is cited. This includes Australia, even for The Australian.

<Author>, ‘<Title>’, <Newspaper> Newsfeed, <Full date>.

<Reporter’s Name> (Reporter) and <Producer’s Name> (Producer), ‘Title’, <Name of program>, <Place of production>, <Full date>.

<Author (if no named author, then name of institution)>, <Institution (if the author is speaking on behalf of the institution)>, <Country (if relevant)>, <Title> (<Year>) <Pinpoint reference> <<URL>> at <Full date>.

• URLs always go after every other part of a citation, including the pinpoint
• Do not put a comma before the URL
• In some cases the homepage URL should be provided instead of the full URL, as URL addresses often change. Whether this is necessary will be a matter of personal discretion, taking into account the ease with which the page can be located from the homepage.

'Available from'

• Direct links to URLs are often long and unstable, which can mean the link will either change or disappear
• When you have a source where this is the case, 'available from' can be used to direct the reader to a webpage from which they can then find the specific source cited

Example

Department of Immigration and Citizenship, Commonwealth of Australia, Fact Sheet 86: Overstayers and People in Breach of Visa Conditions (2007), available from <http://www.immi.gov.au> at 18 May 2007.

'Available at' Not to be Used

• Where the URL cited links directly to the source, 'available at' should not be used
• Rather, the URL should follow directly the last citation in the footnote

Example

Paul Kelly, 'Australia Beyond 2001 — Towards a New National Project' (Speech delivered at the American Australian Association, New York City, US, 26 April 2002) [14] <http://www.americanaustralian.org/Corporate/pdf/speech_paul_kelly.pdf> at 18 May 2007.

Sources Published in both Hard Copy and Internet Form

• Increasingly, sources published in hard copy form are also published on the internet.
• As this can be an important means of locating documents, consider whether providing a URL in addition to the main citation would be useful.

In this case, the following format should be observed:

<Full citation> <URL> at <Full date>.

Australian Red Cross, Humanitarian Aid (1997) [12] <http://www.fddlos.org> at 13 August 2001.

<Author>, '<Title of article>', <Title of publication> (<Country of publication>) <Full date> <<URL>> at <Full date>.

NOTE:

• No pinpoint is necessary.
• Only the country of publication, not the city, should be included.

<Author/Speaker>, <Position>, '<Title>' (Press Release, <Full date>) <Pinpoint reference>.

• A URL and date of retrieval may also be included at the end of the citation where this would aid in the retrieval of the press release.

Javier Solana, Secretary General of NATO, 'Press Statement on Decision to Initiate Air Operations over Federal Republic of Yugoslavia' (Press Release, 23 March 1999) <http://www.nato.int/docu/pr/1999/p99-040e.htm> at 22 May 2006.

<Author>, <Position>, '<Title>' (Press Briefing, <Full date>) <Pinpoint reference>.

• A URL and date of retrieval may also be included at the end of the citation where this would aid in the retrieval of the press release.

<Speaker/Lecturer>, ‘<Title>’ (<Lecture/Address/Speech> delivered at <Conference Name/Institution/Lecture Series>, <City>, <Country>, <Full date>) [<Paragraph pinpoint>].

<Publisher>, <Title>, vol <no> (at <most recent service number for pinpoint reference>) <Pinpoint reference>.

<Author>, <Title> (Type of thesis, Institution, Year) <Pinpoint reference>.

<Author>, '<Title>' (Working Paper No <no>, <Institution>, <Year>) <Pinpoint reference>.

<Author>, '<Title>' (Paper presented at the <Name of conference>, <City, Country>, <Full date>) <Pinpoint reference>.

• A URL and date of retrieval may also be included where this would aid in retrieval of the conference paper.

Interview with <Name of interviewee> (<City and country of location/ Form of interview>, <Full date>).

• The position of the interviewee may also be included after his or her name.

<Name of interviewer>, Interview with <Name of interviewee> (<City and country of location/Form of interview>, <Full date>).

• The position of the interviewee may also be included after his or her name.

Letter from <Author>, <Author’s Title (if relevant)>, <Institution (if relevant)>, to <Recipient(s)>, <Full date>.

• Information on the location of the letter may also be included where this would aid retrieval of the letter.

Email from <Author>, <Author's title (if relevant)>, <Institution (if relevant)>, to <Recipient(s), <Full date>.

<Author/Institution Name>, <Title> (<Name of Institution> Report, <Full Date>) <pinpoint>.

International Bar Association, IBA Monitoring Report: International Criminal Court (International Bar Association Human Rights Institute Report, April 2006).

<Editor> (ed), Halsbury’s Laws of England, vol <no> (<Edition no> ed, <Year>) <Name of Title>, ‘<Chapter no> <Name of Chapter>’ [<Paragraph no>].

<Full name of body>, <Country (if relevant)>, <Title> (<Year>) <Pinpoint reference>.

Australian Red Cross (Victoria), Asylum Seeker Assistance Scheme (2000).

Affidavit of <Full name>, <Position (if relevant)>, <Full date sworn>.